But how do you know how much protein ingredients will have an effect in your bait before you start making them? How is this measured and how accurate is this?

There is a new American measurement, for the biological nutritional value of food. Its name is:

The ‘Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score.’

The name of the old method most often used for making carp baits is the biological nutritional value or the ‘BNV.’

The new, more refined method is the protein digestibility corrected amino acid score or the ‘PDCAAS.’

For example, wheat germ protein has a ‘PDCAAS’ value of about 0.4 to 0.5, and is limited by lysine. It has more than a carps’ requirement for methionine.

Haricot bean protein has a ‘PDCAAS’ of around 0.6 to 0.7 and is limited by methionine. It has more than the carps’ requirement for lysine.

Consumed together in equal amounts they provide a ‘PDCAAS’ value of 1. Number 1 denotes the highest protein value in human dietary terms.

Each protein food is balanced by the other. Carp can receive the full dietary requirement of both of each ‘first limiting amino acid’ in each food bait ingredient, such as white fish meal, or fish protein concentrate.

There are many nutritional ingredients that produce this effect when combined together in bait. Fishing bait suppliers offer the most commonly known ones, although are not necessarily the most effective on many waters today.

Below is an ingredients list of aquaculture carp feed stuffs, ideal for carp bait and boilie making. Used in combination, these can also maximize carp health and growth by combining the negative digestive effects of their individual ‘first limiting amino acids.’ (Indicated):

Whole egg: ‘the first limiting amino acid’ is ‘threonine.’ (Egg is an excellent whole food ingredient and bait binder.)

* Whey: first limiting amino acids are methionine / cystine.

* Whole milk: methionine / cystine.

* Fish muscle: methionine / phenylalanine.

* Fish meal (Herring): threonine.

* White fish meal: threonine / phenylalanine.

* Fish silage: tryptophan.

* Fish protein concentrate: cystine.

* Whole shrimp meal: histidine.

* Soya bean meal: methionine.

* Blood meal: isoleucine.

* Meat and bone meal: methionine.

* Liver meal: lysine.

* Beef meal: methionine / cystine.

* Poultry (chicken and turkey) by-product meals: tyrosine.

* Hydrolyzed feather meal: methionine.

* Spirulina maxima: cystine.

* Groundnut meal: methionine.

* Whole wheat meal: lysine.

* Maize meal: lysine / tryptophan.

* Potato protein concentrate: methionine.

* Worm